Edinburgh Napier University

  Travel plans, also known as Transportation Demand Management (TDM) plans, can be required for new infill and greenfield developments through the land use planning and approvals process. They aim to manage car use through delivering a package of transport measures that are tailored to the specific needs of individual sites. While much research has focused on travel plans at pre-existing sites, relatively little is known about their application to new developments, with no published synthesis of the literature available. This paper fills that gap by providing an international review of the literature on travel plans for new developments. The results show that while travel plans for new developments share a common set of elements with those for pre-existing sites, differences within each element are notable, particularly in the types of travel plan measures adopted, processes for managing the travel plan, and approaches to monitoring and review. Results of previous evaluations have varied considerably, although most have reported a reduction in car driver trips of 10-20 percentage points. Despite this, most evaluations lack rigour, with a paucity of robust evidence. Key success factors identified by the literature, such as the provision of a supportive policy framework, should be embedded within the travel planning process where possible to ensure best outcomes for new developments.