Edinburgh Napier University

  Active travel modes, especially walking and cycling, are now recognized by many as modes that are fully equal to other urban transport modes, integrated in planning frameworks, and adopted as part of the mainstream – not just in trailblazer countries, but worldwide. An ever-growing body of science underpins the gains society can reap from active travel in terms of transport, health and environmental benefits. Planning practice has accumulated a rich portfolio of measures ready to be considered for inspiration, adaptation and possible application in every city. This publication presents a comprehensive case for why and how to promote walking and cycling, based on the latest evidence from scientific research and planning practice. It is addressed to a broad spectrum of readers with the aim to provide pointers and highlights that will help create greater awareness, commitment and capacities to effectively govern sustainable transport developments, so that their benefits can be maximized, and any risks understood and properly managed.
This booklet is organized into four main chapters. The first chapter introduces the latest trends and policies around urban mobility and transport, and the prospects for an increasing role of walking and cycling. It highlights the Transport Health and Environment Pan-European Programme (THE PEP) and the recently adopted first Pan-European Master Plan for Cycling Promotion. The second chapter explores changes in transport policy and planning practice and argues for a modern, evidence-based approach to promoting walking and cycling. The third chapter provides compelling scientific evidence explaining why walking and cycling should be promoted, covering a wide range of benefits, including for health, the climate, environment, mobility and well-being. The last chapter presents an overview of measures and policies for the promotion of walking and cycling.